Download Study of Land Snails & Indonesian Land Snails Identification Literatures

Land Snails Generally

Pearce, T., and Aydin Örstan. 2006. Chapter 22: Terrestrial Gastropoda in C. F. Sturm, T. A. Pearce, and A. Valdés. (Eds). The Mollusks: A Guide to Their Study, Collection, and Preservation, American Malacological Society.

Identification

Jutting, W. S. S. van Benthem. 1948. Systematic studies on the Non-Marine Mollusca of the Indo-Australiaan Archipelago I. Critical Revision of the Javanese Operculate Lands-Shell of Families Hydrocenidae, Helicinidae, Cyclophoridae, Pupinidae and Cochlostomatidae. Treubia. 19 (3): 539-606.

Dharma, Bunjamin. 2005. Recent & Fossil Indonesian Shells. Hackenheim: ConchBooks

Vermeulen, J.J., and A. J. Whitten. 1998. Fauna Malesiana Guide To The Land Snail of Bali. Leiden: Backhuys Publishers.
Nurinsiyah, A. S. 2015. Land Snail Fauna of The Sukolilo Karst In Java Indonesia. American Cochologist 43 (3): 30-32.

Ecology

Nurinsiyah, A.S.,Fauzia, H., Hennig, C. and Hausdorf, B. 2016. Native and introduced land snail species as ecological indicators in different land use types in Java. Ecological Indicators, 70: 557–565.
Schilthuizen, M., Liew, T.S., Elahan, B., Lackman-Ancrenaz, I. 2005. Effect of karst forest degradation on pulmonate and prosobranch land snail communities in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo. Conservation Biology, 19 (3): 949-954.

Sampling

Emberton, K. C., Pearce, T. A., and Roger Randalana. 1996. Quantitatively sampling land snail species richness in Madagascan Rainforests. Malacologia 38 (1-2): 203-212.

Liew, T., Clements, R., and Menno Schilthuizen. 2008. Sampling micromolluscs in tropical forests: one size does not fit all. Zoozymposia I: 271-280.

Comments

Thrips (Gynaikothrips uzeli), Weeping Fig (Ficus benjamina) Pest, Hama Beringin

This is thrips, one of Weeping Fig ( Ficus Benjamina ) pest. It causes damage to the leaves. The leaves roll and curl, the outer part of the leaf (lower epidermis) shows black and yellow spots. Most of these insects live with their translucent white larvae and eggs on the inside of the leaves. But, some are laying eggs on the outside of the leaves (as in the picture). Ini adalah thrips, salah satu hama pada beringin ( Ficus Benjamina ) . Hama ini menyebabkan kerusakan pada daun. Daun menggulung dan keriting, bagian luar daun (epidermis bawah) terlihat bercak-bercak hitam dan menguning. Kebanyakan serangga ini tinggal bersama larva dan telurnya yang berwarna putih transulen pada bagian dalam daun. Tapi, ada pula yang bertelur pada bagian luar daun (seperti pada gambar). The causing the leaves to curl inward or fold into the pocket are th e adults feed on the upper surface of young expanding leaves (Mannion et al, 2006). It will create a safe environment for adults t

Golden Tortoise Beetle, Kepik Emas, Bolokotono (Aspidomorpha sanctaecrucis), in Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia

Aspidomorpha sanctaecrucis This is Aspidomorpha sanctaecrucis , commonly known as Golden Tortoise Beetle. It's similar in Bahasa, mostly Indonesia people called it as Kepik emas or Kumbang Kura-kura Emas (kepik/kumbang=beetle; Kura-kura; tortoise; emas=golden). Maybe because of they're golden and shine colour, just like a golden and also the dorsal (upper side) form looks like tortoise shell (carapace). But, the local name (Sumedang; Sundanese) is totally different, that is Bolokotono. Even me as Sundanese, I don't know, why it's called Bolokotono? If you search Bolokoto in your search engine, it refers to a song, the title is Bolokotono, but the song isn't about the beetle, it is about someone. Ini adalah Aspidimorpha sanctaecrucis , secara umum dikenal sebagai Golden Tortoise Bettle. Namanya sama dalam Bahasa, kebanyakan orang-orang menyebutnya sebagai Kepik emas atau Kumbang Kura-kura Emas. Mungkin karena warnanya emas dan bersinar, seperti hal

Water Clover, Semanggi, Semanggen (Marsilea minuta L.)

This is Water Clover ( Marsilea minuta L.). The local people (Sumedang, West Java; Sundanese) called it "Samanggen", but mostly Indonesian called it "Semanggi". At a glance, it looks like "Creeping Woodsorrel" ( Oxalis corniculata ), even their local names are also the same i.e semanggi. But, both are totally different. Water Clover ( Marsilea minuta L.) is an aquatic fern (Pteridophyta). Conversely, Creeping Woodsorrel ( Oxalis corniculata ) is a terrestrial seed plant (Spermatophyta). Additionally, Water Clover ( Marsilea minuta L.) is also bigger than Creeping Woodsorrel ( Oxalis corniculata ) Ini adalah Semanggi Air ( Marsilea minuta L.). Penduduk sekitar (Sumedang, Jawa Barat; Sunda) menyebutnya Semangen, tapi sebagian besar orang Indonesia menyebutnya "Semanggi". Sekilas, tumbuhan ini mirip dengan Semanggi/Daun Asam Kecil ( Oxalis corniculata ), bahkan nama lokanyapun sama Semanggi. Tapi, sebenarnya keduanya sangat berbeda. S

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