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The Grasshopper, Located in Buahdua, Sumedang, Indonesia

The Grasshopper
Grasshopper members of the insect class. The number of this class about 900,000 species (Storer et al., 1981)  it has more species than all living things when combined (Campbell, et al. 2008). One the order of this class is Orthoptera. The estimated amount of this order about 5000 species. The characteristics of this order have big hind leg and adapted to jump, two pairs of wings. The male produce sound by rubbing their body (Campbell, et al. 2008 and Lilies, 1991). 

 Morphology
Short antennas, pronotum does not extend backwards, three sections of tarsi and chewing mouth. The female is bigger than the male. Mostly, grey or brown and several species have a bright colour on hind wings.

Habitat
Grasshoppers mainly in open lands (Storer et al., 1981). Grasses, dry area, woods, rice field, corn (Lilies, 1991). 

 Diet
Grasses and other leafy vegetation (Storer et al., 1981).

 Behavioural
Diurnal (Lilies, 1991). 

 Cycle
Imperfect metamorphosis The female laid their eggs in the ground. After hatched, nymphs rise to damage corp so it can be a pest (Lilies, 1991). 
My Activity
I went to my parent's plantation. There planted by vegetables, banana (Musa paradisiaca), cloves (Syzygium aromaticum), Jeruk Limau (Citrus amblycarpa) and etc. There also surrounded by rice field and it's grasses. It's easy to find grasshoppers. So, I collected them. Actually, I didn't use swiping net, I just caught them by my hand. 

These grasshoppers can be a pest to the plants, so I have some opportunity by collecting them. First, I can identify what kind grasshopper that lived there, then the plants saved from pest and I have food for the Owl.

Here some grasshopper that I collected and identified. The identification book that I used, can identify up to family only. So it's still not specific, but I tried to identify up to genus/species by comparing many pictures in several pages as references (Phuket, Supardi, Estiara), that also helped me to find the other references Eol. In Estiara, I also got the complete classification of the Acrididae and its author.

1.  Acrididae Family

Classification :
Kingdom        : Animalia
Class             : Insecta
Order            : Orthoptera Latreille, 1793-grasshoppers, crickets, and katydids
Suborder       : Caelifera Ander, 1939,-short-horned grasshoppers
Superfamily   : Acridiodea MacLeay, 1821
Family           : Acrididae MacLeay, 1821

Description
A. Stenocatantops spelendes

Species 1. Stenocatantops spelendes

The first species has a brown colour, I collected it from banana litter, it's camouflage well. But sometimes it jump to another plant. It's fastest than the other species that I collected. So, it's hard to collect them just by used our hand.

B. Caryanda spuria

Species 2. Caryanda spuria

  • The second one,  this species remind me of one of the famous heroes of Japan, Kamen Rider. So when I was a child I called them Kamen Rider grasshopper. Their colour, eyes and their antenna look like this species. I collected the female and the male. They have differences, the female bigger than the male. The colour also different, the male has brighter than the female. 
  • It lived on many plants.


C. Oxya Chinensis L. Mischchenko

Species 3. Oxya chinensis L. Mischchenko


  • The third species, it's easy to found in grasses, sometimes on taro leaves. 
  • The dorsal's (head-upper wings) colour is dark green and the dorsal colour is green in the head-thorax and yellow in the abdomen. 
D. Unidentified Acrididae

Species 4.


The last one, collected by my father It's the longest and the biggest one. 
2. Tettigoniidae Family 
Vegetable Grasshopper a.k.a Simeut Geulis (Atractomorpha crenulata)


Species 1. Simeut Geulis (Atractomorpha crenulata )

Classification
Kingdom        : Animalia
Class             : Insecta
Order            : Orthoptera Latreille, 1793-grasshoppers, crickets, and katydids
Suborder       : Caelifera Ander, 1939,-short-horned grasshoppers
Family           : Tettigoniidae
Genus            : Atractomorpha
Species          : Atractomorpha crenulata Fabricus, 1793

 Local Name
Simeut Geulis

Description :

  • It lived on grasses. 
  • It's antenna also short, and V-shaped. The head is angled (V-shaped).  


REFERENCES
  • Campbell, N. A., Reece, J. B., Urry, L. A., Cain, M. L., Wasserman, S. A., Minorsky, P. V., and R. B. Jackson. Biologi Edisi Kedelapan, Jilid 2. Jakarta : Erlangga. 
  • Lilies, Crhistina. 1991. Kunci Determinasi Serangga. Yogyakarta : Kanisius.
  • Storer, R. L. Usinger, and J. W. Nybaken. 1968. Element of Zoology. Tokyo : McGraw Hill Book Company Japan.
  • OSF ONLINE
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