Skip to main content

Bitter Bush (Chromolaena odorata (L)) - The Invasive Wild Flower


Chromolaena odorata located in Sumedang, Indonesia

Classification
Kingdom               : Plantae - Plants
Subkingdom          : Tracheobionta -Vascular plants
Superdivision        : Spermatophyta - Seed plants
Division                 : Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants
Subdivision           : Angiospermae -Seed encloses plants
Class                      : Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons
Order                     : Asteralles
Family                   : Asteraceae 
Genus                    : Chromolaena
Species                  : Chromolaena odorata (L.) R. M. King & H. Rob

Synonym(s)
Eupatorium orodatum, Eupatorium conyzoides, Osmia orodata 

Popular Names
  • Local Name(s): Kirinyuh (Mostly Sundanese, exc. Buahdua: Kancar Kanon ) 
  • Common Name(s): Bitter Bush, Archangel, Siam Weed (English), Ki Rinyuh (Indonesian)
Plant Type
Herbaceous, perennial, seed propagated, shrub, woody (CABI, 2017).

 Habitat
Terrestrial

Distribution
Chromolaena odorata is noted as a native tropical Central and South America. It's very widely distributed tropical shrub (CABI, 2017). It has been introducing to the tropical regions of Asia, Africa and the Pacific, where invasive weed. It is aggressive and may have allelopathic effects (Global Invasive Species Database, 2018).
(ISSG, 2004 in Joshi 2004)

Utilization
Liquid fertilizer (Miftah, 2014), control pest and plant diseases such as molluscicide (Nurhasbah et al., 2017), herbicide (Frastika et, al.. 2017), and nematicide by inhibition egg to hatch and mortality of juvenile II on Meloidogyne spp. (Huzni et al., 2015). This species also useful for traditional medicine, it has antivirus and antibacterial activities. It against Staphylococcus aureus, the presence of flavonoid able to damage the membrane and cell wall of the bacteria (Nurwahdaniati, 2014).

Pharmacology
Saponin, tannin, flavonoid, alkaloid, phenolic (Frastika et, al., 2017), 

Toxicity
50.000 ppm Chromolaena odorata killed 100% Golden Snail (Pomacea canaliculata) (Nurhasbah et al., 2017).

References
  • Bumi Herbal
  • CABI (Invasive Species Compendium). 2017. Chromolaena odorata (Siam Weed)
  • Frastika, D., Pitopang, R., and I. N. Suwastika. 2017. The effectiveness test of Kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata (L) R. M. King & H Rob) leaf extract as natural herbicides to seed germination of mung beans (Vigna radita (L.) R. Wilczek) and karuilei (Mimosa invisa Mart. ex Colla) Natural Science: Journal of Science and Technology. Vol 6(3) : 225 - 238. 
  • Global Invasive Species Database (2018) Species profile: Chromolaena odorata. Downloaded from http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/speciesname/Chromolaena+odorata on 31-07-2018.
  • Joshi, C., Duren, I. C. V., and J. D. Leeuw. 2004. Remote sensing and GIS applications for mapping and spatial modeling of invasive species. International Journal of Geo-Information. 
  • Huzni, M., Raharjo, B., and Hagus Tarno. 2015. Uji laboratorium ekstrak Kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata (L) R. M. King & H Robinson) sebagai nematisida nabati terhadap Meloidogyne spp. (Chitwood). Jurnal HPT. Vol 3 (1).
  • Miftah Sihabudin, Miftah (2014) Pengaruh Kompos Cair Gulma Kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L.) dan Jenis Media Tanam terhadap Pertumbuhan dan HasilTanaman Cabai Paprika (Capsicum annum var. grossum) Pada Sistem Hidroponik Substrat. Diploma thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.
  • Nurhasabah, Safrida, and Asiah. 2017. Toxicity test of Kirinyuh (Eupatorium odorata (L))  leaf extract against mortality of golden snail (Pomacea canaliculata). Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Unsyiah. Vol 2 (1).
  • Nurwahdaniati. 2014. Aktivitas Antimikro Ekstrak Ethanol 70% Daun Kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata dengan Metode Bioautografi terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Malang : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang. 


Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Thrips (Gynaikothrips uzeli), Weeping Fig (Ficus benjamina) Pest, Hama Beringin

This is thrips, one of Weeping Fig ( Ficus Benjamina )   pest. It causes damage to the leaves. The leaves roll and curl, the outer part of the leaf (lower epidermis) shows black and yellow spots. Most of these insects live with their translucent white larvae and eggs on the inside of the leaves. But, some are laying eggs on the outside of the leaves (as in the picture). Ini adalah thrips, salah satu hama pada beringin ( Ficus Benjamina ) . Hama ini menyebabkan kerusakan pada daun. Daun menggulung dan keriting, bagian luar daun (epidermis bawah) terlihat bercak-bercak hitam dan menguning. Kebanyakan serangga ini tinggal bersama larva dan telurnya yang berwarna putih transulen pada bagian dalam daun. Tapi, ada pula yang bertelur pada bagian luar daun (seperti pada gambar).  The causing the leaves to curl inward or fold into the pocket are th e adults feed on the upper surface of young expanding leaves (Mannion et al, 2006). It will create a safe ...
4 comments
Read more

Golden Tortoise Beetle, Kepik Emas, Bolokotono (Aspidomorpha sanctaecrucis), in Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia

Aspidomorpha sanctaecrucis This is  Aspidomorpha sanctaecrucis , commonly known as Golden Tortoise Beetle.  It's similar in Bahasa, mostly Indonesia people called it as Kepik emas or Kumbang Kura-kura Emas (kepik/kumbang=beetle; Kura-kura; tortoise; emas=golden). Maybe because of they're golden and shine colour, just like a golden and also the dorsal (upper side) form looks like tortoise shell (carapace). But, the local name (Sumedang; Sundanese) is totally different, that is Bolokotono. Even me as Sundanese, I don't know, why it's called Bolokotono? If you search Bolokoto in your search engine, it refers to a song, the title is Bolokotono, but the song isn't about the beetle, it is about someone.  Ini adalah  Aspidimorpha sanctaecrucis , secara umum dikenal sebagai Golden Tortoise Bettle. Namanya sama dalam Bahasa, kebanyakan orang-orang menyebutnya sebagai Kepik emas atau  Kumbang Kura-kura Emas. Mungkin karena warnanya emas dan bersina...
Post a Comment
Read more

Water Clover, Semanggi, Semanggen (Marsilea minuta L.)

This is Water Clover ( Marsilea minuta L.). The local people (Sumedang, West Java; Sundanese) called it "Samanggen", but mostly Indonesian called it "Semanggi". At a glance, it looks like "Creeping Woodsorrel" ( Oxalis corniculata ), even their local names are also the same i.e semanggi. But, both are totally different. Water Clover ( Marsilea minuta L.) is an aquatic fern (Pteridophyta). Conversely, Creeping Woodsorrel ( Oxalis corniculata ) is a terrestrial seed plant (Spermatophyta). Additionally, Water Clover ( Marsilea minuta  L.) is also bigger than Creeping Woodsorrel ( Oxalis corniculata )  Ini adalah Semanggi Air ( Marsilea minuta  L.). Penduduk sekitar (Sumedang, Jawa Barat; Sunda) menyebutnya Semangen, tapi sebagian besar orang Indonesia menyebutnya "Semanggi". Sekilas, tumbuhan ini mirip dengan Semanggi/Daun Asam Kecil ( Oxalis corniculata ), bahkan nama lokanyapun sama Semanggi. Tapi, sebenarnya keduanya sangat berbeda. S...
Post a Comment
Read more
Related Posts Plugin for WordPress, Blogger...